Swimmer’s Itch – Diagnosis and Treatment

Diagnosis

Doctors typically diagnose swimmer’s itch—also called cercarial dermatitis—by examining the skin for signs like a red, itchy rash or small raised bumps.

They will often ask whether you’ve recently swum in freshwater lakes or ponds, especially in areas known to have bird or snail populations that can carry the parasite.

There are no definitive lab tests or skin biopsies to confirm the condition. Diagnosis is usually made based on:

• Visible rash pattern

• Recent freshwater exposure

• Presence of common symptoms like tingling, burning, or itching shortly after swimming

Because swimmer’s itch is caused by a temporary allergic reaction to microscopic parasites that burrow into the skin (but do not survive in humans), symptoms often resolve on their own.

Treatment

Most cases improve without special treatment in about a week. To ease itching, people can use anti-itch creams or lotions, such as those with corticosteroids. For severe discomfort, antihistamines may help.

Ways to Manage Symptoms at Home

People can take several simple steps to ease discomfort from itchy skin. Applying corticosteroid creams or anti-itch lotions like calamine may control itching.

Taking a short bath with Epsom salts, baking soda, or oatmeal can calm irritated skin. Some people use a cool washcloth or create a baking soda paste to place on the rash.

Over-the-counter antihistamines can help, especially ones with loratadine that cause less drowsiness. Avoid scratching the rash to prevent making symptoms worse.

Getting Ready for Your Visit

Steps You Can Take

• Make a List: Write down when symptoms began and how they have changed.
• Review Activities: Note any recent swimming or wading in lakes, ponds, or other outdoor water.
• Track Symptoms in Others: If anyone else who swam with you also has a rash, write this down.
• Medication Information: List any prescription drugs, over-the-counter medicine, or supplements you are currently taking.

Questions the Doctor May Ask

Doctors need clear details about your symptoms and history. Expect questions like:

Question Category	Example Questions
Symptom Pattern	Are the symptoms constant or do they come and go?
Relief or Triggers	Have you noticed anything that helps or makes the itch worse?
Recent Activities	Have your symptoms changed after swimming or being outdoors?