Somatic Symptom Disorder – Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
Requirements for Identifying the Disorder
A medical provider begins by performing a physical exam and may order lab tests to rule out any other possible medical conditions.
If physical causes do not explain the symptoms, the provider often refers the individual to a mental health professional.
The mental health specialist talks to the individual about their symptoms, daily function, stressors, family history, and any experiences with substance use.
During this process, clinicians use questionnaires and self-assessments to better understand the symptoms and their impact on daily life.
The main features required for recognizing this mental health condition, according to the DSM-5, include:
- One or more physical symptoms (such as pain, shortness of breath, or fatigue) that are upsetting or interfere with daily activities.
- Ongoing high levels of anxiety or worry about the seriousness of these somatic symptoms, or spending a lot of time or energy focused on health concerns.
- Symptoms that last and persist, usually for longer than six months, even if the specific symptoms change over time.
A table summarizing key points:
| Feature | Example | Duration |
|---|---|---|
| Physical symptoms present | Pain, fatigue | > 6 months |
| High health-related anxiety | Worry, distress | Persistent |
| Excessive health focus | Repeated checks, seeking care | Ongoing |
A clear diagnosis guides treatment for somatic symptom disorders, also known as SSD, and helps providers offer better care and support for those with unexplained physical symptoms.
Treatment
Talking Therapies
One of the main options is talking therapy. Mental health professionals often recommend cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) for treating physical symptoms connected to mental health, such as anxiety and depression.
CBT helps people look at their thoughts about health and pain. By adjusting these thoughts, many individuals see improvements in how they feel and function each day.
CBT teaches stress reduction skills and healthy coping methods. It can also help lessen worries about symptoms and encourage returning to activities they may have avoided.
Families can join therapy sessions to learn how best to support the person and improve family relationships.
Main benefits of CBT:
- Reduces anxiety and symptom focus.
- Supports better daily habits.
- Helps address depression.
- Improves relationships and support networks.
Medicine Approaches
Doctors may prescribe medicines, especially antidepressants, if someone also experiences depression or severe pain. These medications can ease both mood and physical discomfort. It may take a few weeks to notice results after starting a new medicine.
Doctors sometimes try different medications or adjust doses for the best results. Patients should discuss any side effects and all medication options with their provider at Healthnile or healthnile.com.
Potential medication uses:
- Relieving pain.
- Managing depression.
- Helping reduce anxiety.
Combining medication with therapy often improves outcomes compared to using either approach alone.
Healthy Habits and Self-Care Tips
People with somatic symptom disorder can benefit from practical steps to improve daily life and reduce stress. Regular visits with a health care provider help create a plan for addressing concerns and building trust.
Setting limits for medical tests and specialist visits can prevent unnecessary stress and duplication. Sticking to one provider for advice keeps care organized.
Managing stress is a key part of relief. Techniques like deep breathing and relaxation exercises may lower anxiety and help manage physical symptoms. Staying physically active is also useful.
A gradual exercise plan can boost mood, reduce tiredness, and help improve daily functioning.
Staying connected to family, friends, and work, even when symptoms are present, supports emotional well-being. Participating in enjoyable activities encourages positive feelings and maintains a sense of normal life.
Avoiding alcohol and recreational drugs helps prevent new health issues and supports recovery. For those who need help to stop using substances, consulting a health professional can be a good step.
| Healthy Lifestyle Tips | Purpose |
|---|---|
| Regular provider visits | Builds trust and addresses concerns. |
| Stress reduction techniques | Lowers stress and improves symptoms. |
| Physical activity | Boosts mood and reduces fatigue. |
| Social participation | Supports emotional and daily functioning. |
| Avoid alcohol and drugs | Lowers risk of additional problems. |
Getting Ready for Your Appointment
Steps to Take Before Your Visit
Preparing before seeing a healthcare provider about any physical or mental health issues can make the appointment easier and more productive. Bringing a written list helps organize your thoughts. Here are some key steps:
Write down your symptoms. Include when each symptom started and describe how they affect your day-to-day life, such as school, work, or relationships.
Note important life events. List any traumatic experiences or big changes that could affect your health, such as moving, loss, or other stressors.
Gather your medical information. Put together a list of current and past health conditions. Include any mental health diagnoses as well.
List all medicines and supplements. Bring a full list of everything you take, including prescriptions, over-the-counter medicines, vitamins, and herbal products, along with dosages.
Prepare questions for your provider. Consider using a table for clarity:
| Question Idea | Purpose |
| Do I have somatic symptom disorder? | Understand the diagnosis. |
| What treatment options are available? | Learn about possible next steps. |
| How often would I need therapy or medication? | Plan for treatment duration and schedule. |
| How often would I need therapy or medication? | Plan for treatment duration and schedule. |
| Are there side effects to the medication? | Watch for potential problems. |
| Are there side effects to the medication? | Watch for potential problems. |
| Are self-care or lifestyle changes recommended? | Enhance your daily management. |
| Do you have any recommended resources? | Access more information. |
Bringing a family member or friend to your visit can provide support and help you remember details.
What Your Health Provider Might Ask
Doctors and mental health professionals often begin by asking about physical symptoms and how they affect daily life. They may also want to know if others in your family have mental health conditions, and if you have a history of medical issues.
Expect questions about alcohol or substance use, exercise habits, and any medications you currently take. Sometimes, your answers will prompt more questions.
If you are as honest and complete as possible, the doctor or mental health professional can recommend the right care. Bringing organized notes or lists can save time and ensure your concerns get attention during the visit.
