Shin Splints – Symptoms and Causes
Overview
Shin splints cause pain along the tibia (shin bone) in the front of the lower leg. This condition, medically called medial tibial stress syndrome, commonly affects runners, dancers, and military recruits.
It is typically caused by overuse, improper training techniques, or incorrect footwear, leading to stress on the muscles, tendons, and bone tissue.
Symptoms of shin splints include:
- Tenderness and soreness along the inner lower leg
- Swelling in some cases
- A dull, aching pain that can worsen over time
- Small lumps or bumps along the shin in severe cases
The pain often develops when individuals suddenly increase their exercise intensity or change their workout routine. Without proper recovery, it can become more severe and persistent.
Most shin splint cases respond well to simple treatments, including:
- Rest from high-impact activities
- Ice application to reduce inflammation
- Over-the-counter pain medications for discomfort
- Proper footwear with good support and orthotic inserts if necessary
- Gradual return to exercise to prevent recurrence
To prevent shin splints, itโs important to:
- Use proper footwear designed for your activity level
- Stretch and strengthen your calf muscles regularly
- Gradually increase exercise intensity and duration instead of making sudden changes
- Consider orthotic shoe inserts for added support if needed
In severe or persistent cases, physical therapy may be recommended. In rare instances, surgery may be required to correct underlying structural issues. However, with proper care, most people recover fully and can return to their normal activities without long-term complications.
