Pinworm Infection – Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
Doctors usually confirm pinworm infection by checking for pinworm eggs near the anus. The tape test is a common method.
To do the tape test, press a clear piece of tape against the skin around the anus first thing in the morning, before bathing or using the toilet. The eggs stick to the tape.
For better accuracy, repeat the tape test for three mornings in a row. Bring the collected tape to a healthcare provider.
The doctor examines the tape under a microscope to look for pinworm eggs. Itching around the anus, restless sleep, and irritation may also suggest an infection, especially in children.
Sometimes, you can see adult pinworms in the anal or vaginal area. This can help confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment
Most people treat pinworm infections using anti-parasitic medications. These drugs work by killing the worms and preventing them from spreading. One common non-prescription option is pyrantel pamoate. For more severe or persistent cases, doctors may prescribe benzimidazole-type anti-parasitics.
Sometimes, all household members are treated at the same time to lower the risk of reinfection. This is especially important in close living situations. Usually, two or more doses are needed. Mild side effects like stomach upset can occur.
Medication Table:
| Medicine Name | Prescription Needed | Pregnancy Category* |
|---|---|---|
| Benzimidazole anti-parasitic | Yes | C |
| Benzimidazole anti-parasitic | Yes | C |
| Pyrantel pamoate | No | C |
*Check with a doctor about medicine use during pregnancy.
Getting Ready for Your Visit
Steps to Take Before Your Visit
Ask About Testing: When you make the appointment, ask if a tape test is needed. Press the sticky side of clear tape against the anal area right after waking up, before bathing or using the bathroom. Place the tape in a clean container or plastic bag.
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Prepare Questions: Write down important questions for the health care provider, such as:
- What other conditions could cause these signs if it’s not pinworm?
- Does everyone in the home need medication if one person is infected?
- How can pinworms be removed from the house and prevented from spreading?
Bring Information: Make a list of symptoms for each person affected. Note when symptoms started. Let the provider know if anyone practices pica (eats non-food items), as this can affect treatment.
Questions the Health Provider May Ask
When did the symptoms begin?
Is the itching worse at night?
Have you noticed anything that makes the symptoms change?
Are any other household members experiencing similar problems?
Has anyone in the family come in contact with someone with pinworms?
Have you seen any worms in underwear, bedding, or the toilet?
Tracking these answers will help the doctor diagnose the problem and decide next steps.
How to Manage Until Your Visit
Avoid scratching the anal area. This helps prevent the spread of pinworms.
Wash your hands often, especially after using the toilet and before meals.
Remind everyone in your household to wash their hands regularly.
Do not share bedding, towels, or clothing with family members.
