Myxofibrosarcoma – Symptoms and Causes

Overview

Myxofibrosarcoma is a cancer affecting connective tissues, typically appearing in the arms and legs. This slow-growing tumor often forms as a painless lump beneath the skin and can expand over time.

It belongs to the soft tissue sarcoma family, which includes cancers that develop in the body’s supportive and connecting tissues. This condition most commonly affects older adults.

Signs and Symptoms

Myxofibrosarcoma typically begins as a cluster of abnormal cells that gradually invade surrounding healthy tissue. It is most commonly found in the limbs, particularly the legs.

People with myxofibrosarcoma often notice:

• A painless growth or lump on an arm or leg
• A slow-growing mass that may become painful over time
• Swelling or fullness in the affected area
• Limited range of motion, if the tumor is near a joint
• Skin changes, such as redness, ulceration, or stretching over the tumor (in later stages)

This type of soft tissue cancer most commonly develops in the lower extremities, especially in older adults. Unlike many other soft tissue sarcomas, myxofibrosarcoma rarely appears in the abdominal area.

When Medical Attention Is Needed

If you notice any unusual lumps or growths that concern you, schedule an appointment with your healthcare provider promptly. Early evaluation of suspicious growths can lead to faster diagnosis and treatment.

Causes

Myxofibrosarcoma begins when cells in connective tissue undergo DNA changes. While the exact trigger remains unknown, these genetic alterations disrupt normal cell function.

DNA serves as the instruction manual for cells, controlling how they grow, multiply, and die. In healthy cells, this process follows a regulated pattern. When DNA mutations occur, the instructions become faulty.

These DNA changes give cancer cells harmful new abilities:

• Rapid, uncontrolled growth
• Ability to avoid programmed cell death
• Capacity to invade surrounding tissue

Unlike normal cells that follow a natural lifecycle, cancerous cells continue dividing without stopping. This abnormal growth creates a mass of cells that can form a tumor and potentially spread into neighboring healthy tissue.

Risk Factors

Adults between 50 and 70 years old have a higher chance of developing myxofibrosarcoma. This cancer rarely affects people under age 30.

Unfortunately, there is no known way to prevent myxofibrosarcoma from developing.