MRSA Infection – Diagnosis and Treatment
Diagnosis
Doctors look for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection by collecting a sample from the infected area, such as pus from a boil, fluid from abscesses, or a swab from the nose.
Laboratory staff test the sample to see if Staphylococcus aureus grows and check if it is resistant to certain antibiotics.
Steps in Testing:
- Collect a sample from the site (wound, skin, or nose).
- Grow bacteria in the lab (culture).
- Check for methicillin resistance (susceptibility testing).
- Rapid DNA tests can sometimes identify MRSA within a few hours.
These tests help doctors know if the infection is MRSA, especially in cases of cellulitis, impetigo, boils, or bloodstream infection.
Treatment
Treating MRSA infections depends on the location and severity of the infection. Because MRSA is resistant to many standard antibiotics, doctors use specific antimicrobial agents that remain effective against it.
For mild skin infections, treatment may include:
- Topical antibiotic ointments applied directly to the affected area.
- Drainage of abscesses or boils, which can sometimes resolve the infection without antibiotics.
For more serious infections, such as those involving the lungs, bloodstream, or surgical sites, doctors may prescribe:
- Oral or intravenous antibiotics from classes that are still active against MRSA.
- Hospital-based care, especially if the infection spreads or causes systemic symptoms.
Common MRSA Treatments
| Treatment Type | Examples |
|---|---|
| Oral antibiotics | Doxycycline, linezolid |
| IV antibiotics | Vancomycin |
| Topical antibiotics | Mupirocin ointment |
| Drainage procedures | Draining abscess or boil |
Additional Measures
In some cases, decolonization strategies may be recommended to reduce MRSA presence on the skin or in the nose.
This might involve a combination of antimicrobial washes, nasal treatments, and hygiene practices—especially in healthcare settings or households with recurrent infections.
Good hygiene, wound care, and avoiding the sharing of personal items can help prevent the spread of MRSA to others.
Getting Ready for Your Visit
To make the most of your appointment, bring a list with you.
- Write down your symptoms, any earlier health problems, and family health history, especially if close relatives have infections or have been in healthcare settings.
- List all medicines, vitamins, and supplements you currently use.
- Prepare questions about risk factors, transmission, or cleaning routines, such as the use of antibacterial soap, hand sanitizer, or laundry habits.
Tip: Bring any medical records that show recent treatments or colonization related to MRSA.
