HPV Infection – Symptoms and Causes
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a common viral infection that affects the skin and mucous membranes. It is primarily spread through skin-to-skin contact, including sexual activity.
There are more than 100 strains of HPV; some cause warts, while others can lead to serious health issues like cervical and other cancers.
Types of Warts on Hands and Feet
Common warts appear most often on hands. You can prevent spreading them by avoiding picking at existing warts and not biting your nails.
Plantar warts develop on the bottom of the feet, where pressure causes pain.
To lower your risk, always wear flip-flops or water shoes in public showers, pool areas, and locker rooms. These places often harbor the virus that causes these painful foot warts.
Warts in Genital Areas
Genital warts are transmitted through intimate contact. You can reduce your risk by:
- Maintaining a mutually exclusive sexual relationship
- Having fewer sexual partners
- Using latex condoms during sexual activity
A condom helps reduce transmission risk, but it does not provide complete protection since HPV can infect areas not covered by it.
Causes of HPV Infection
HPV is transmitted through direct skin-to-skin contact. Unlike some infections, it does not require bodily fluids to spread.
Common Ways HPV Spreads:
- Sexual contact (vaginal, anal, or oral sex)
- Skin-to-skin contact with an infected area
- Sharing contaminated objects (razors, towels)
- Mother-to-child transmission during childbirth
Protection Through Vaccination
The HPV vaccine offers protection against several HPV types. This vaccine works for both males and females.
Vaccination Schedule
| Age Group | Recommended Doses | Timing |
|---|---|---|
| Ages 9โ14 | 2 doses | At least 6 months apart |
| Ages 15โ26 | 3 doses | According to the medical schedule |
| Ages 27โ45 | Discuss with your doctor | Based on individual risk factors |
Health experts recommend vaccination at ages 11โ12, though it can start as early as age 9. Getting vaccinated before any sexual activity provides the best protection.
The vaccine works best when given before exposure to HPV. Once someone has the virus, the vaccine may be less effective or not work at all. Younger people also show stronger immune responses to the vaccine.
For those who missed earlier vaccinations, catch-up shots are recommended through age 26. The two-dose schedule has proven effective for younger recipients under age 15.
Meanwhile, those starting the series at age 15 or older should receive the three-dose series for full protection.
