Dermabrasion Procedure`
Overview
Dermabrasion is a technique often used for skin resurfacing. A device gently scrapes away the top layer of the skin, allowing new skin to form. This procedure can reduce the look of fine lines, acne scars, age spots, and wrinkles.
Some people choose to have dermabrasion by itself, while others may combine it with treatments such as microdermabrasion, chemical peels, or laser skin resurfacing to enhance results. Unlike dermaplaning, which uses a blade, dermabrasion uses a rotating tool for deeper resurfacing.
Recovery Facts:
- Skin may feel sore and appear red or blotchy.
- Healing lasts a few weeks; normal color usually returns in about three months.
Other cosmetic procedures, like surgical scraping or laser resurfacing, may also help with skin rejuvenation.
Reasons for Dermabrasion
Dermabrasion helps improve the look of facial skin by targeting several concerns:
- Acne scars and other types of scarring
- Fine lines and deep wrinkles, especially near the mouth
- Age spots and other changes from sun damage
- Rough skin patches (keratoses)
- Rhinophyma (swollen, red nose)
It can also reduce the look of facial scars or other skin imperfections.
Possible Problems
Dermabrasion may lead to several side effects and issues. Most people experience redness and swelling after the procedure. The skin often looks red and feels swollen for days or sometimes weeks. Blotchy or sensitive skin is also common during the healing process, and it can take up to three months for the skin tone to look normal again.
People may develop acne-like bumps known as milia. These small white bumps often clear up on their own or with gentle cleaning. Some notice their pores become larger than before. Skin color changes can occur. Hyperpigmentation (darker patches), hypopigmentation (lighter spots), or blotchy skin may appear in the treated area. This happens more often in people with darker skin tones and can sometimes be long-lasting.
Infection is rare but possible. Bacterial, viral, or fungal infections can occur. Those prone to cold sores may experience an outbreak of fever blisters (herpes simplex). Scarring can result if the treatment goes too deep. Raised scars (hypertrophic scars or keloids) are more likely in people with a history of them. Other possible complications:
- Flare-ups of existing skin rashes or other skin conditions
- Formation of cysts
- Discomfort or pain in the treated area
Higher Risk Factors Table
| Risk Factor | Impact |
|---|---|
| Recent tretinoin use | Increased chance of poor healing |
| Family history of keloids | More likely to develop raised scar tissue |
| Ongoing acne or skin infections | Higher odds of complications |
| Frequent fever blisters | May trigger new cold sores |
| Past burn or radiation damage | Poor skin recovery |
People who have had recent isotretinoin treatment, have a history of keloid scars, or have current skin lesions should talk to their doctor before undergoing this procedure, as complications are more likely.
How You Prepare
Before having dermabrasion or other cosmetic skin treatments, careful planning is important to protect health and improve results. Doctors usually start with a thorough review of medical history. They check for any current or past health problems, recent or ongoing medications, and any previous plastic surgery or skin procedures.
This helps them understand potential surgical risks. A doctor performs a physical exam of the skin next. This evaluates the skin type, tone, and thickness in the treatment area. Skin features can affect healing and the final outcome. For those who have had a facelift, eyelid surgery, or similar treatments, this exam is especially important.
Consultation is a key step. The doctor talks openly about what to expect from dermabrasion. They discuss realistic results, healing time, and possible risks. This is also a good time for the patient to bring up their hopes and questions. Below is a quick reference table to help organize key steps before the appointment:
| Step | Details |
|---|---|
| Review Medical History | List all past and present conditions, and medications. |
| Physical Exam | Doctor checks skin’s thickness, tone, and condition. |
| Discuss Expectations | Talk about goals, healing, and expected results. |
| Stop Certain Medications | Avoid using aspirin or blood thinners. |
| Stop Smoking | Avoid smoking for 1-2 weeks pre- and post-treatment. |
| Antiviral Medication | May help prevent infections if there’s a history of cold sores. |
| Oral Antibiotic (if needed) | Prescribed if acne is present. |
| Botox or Similar Injections | Sometimes used days before the procedure. |
| Retinoid Cream | May be recommended ahead of time. |
| Sun Protection | Stay out of the sun to prevent uneven pigmentation. |
| Arrange Ride Home | Needed if under general or local anesthesia. |
It is best to avoid excessive sun exposure before the procedure. Too much sun can increase the risk of permanent skin color changes. Patients may be asked to use sunscreen or limit outside activities. If general or local anesthesia is used, the patient should not drive themselves home.
Careful planning for a ride guarantees safety. Doctors determine whether dermabrasion is suitable by reviewing the person’s medical history, skin type, and any past plastic surgery. All pre-op instructions should be followed closely.
What You Can Expect
What Happens During the Procedure
Before treatment, patients usually clean their face and avoid putting on makeup or skin products. Wearing loose-fitting clothes that don’t pull over the head is helpful, as a facial bandage will be used afterward. The care team provides anesthesia or sedation to keep discomfort low.
Once ready, a specialist uses a motorized device with an abrasive edge and moves it over the skin to smooth the targeted areas. The outermost layers are gently removed. Small areas may take only a few minutes; larger or multiple areas may take longer. Severe scarring may require additional sessions spaced out over time.
Key Steps During Treatment
- Cleaning the skin thoroughly.
- Applying anesthesia or sedation.
- Using a motorized device to remove outer skin layers.
- Monitoring comfort and progress.
Steps and Recovery Following the Treatment
After treatment, the care team covers the skin with a moist, nonstick bandage. Patients receive clear instructions for home care. Doctors may prescribe pain medication if needed. A follow-up visit is scheduled shortly after.
During follow-up, the doctor examines the skin and may change dressings. Patients should carefully follow all aftercare instructions, including gently cleaning the area and applying ointments.
| Time Frame | What to Expect |
|---|---|
| 1st Week | Redness, swelling, tenderness |
| 2–3 Weeks | Swelling eases, new skin forms |
| 4+ Weeks | Can use makeup, avoid pools and contact sports |
Early healing may bring redness, swelling, or tingling. Some patients experience mild scabbing or itching as new skin forms. Use only pain medications approved by the provider (like ibuprofen or acetaminophen). If skin becomes redder, raised, or more irritated after healing begins, contact a healthcare provider—this may signal scarring.
Tips for Better Recovery
- Follow all care instructions closely.
- Avoid sun and physical activity as recommended.
- Keep the area clean and protected.
Improvements and What to Expect
People often notice smoother and softer skin after dermabrasion. The new skin may appear pink or red for a few weeks; normal skin tone usually returns in about three months. Redness and swelling typically fade over time. Some swelling may last longer, depending on how deep the treatment went.
Patients treated for scars or tattoos may need follow-up visits to monitor healing. Sun protection is important for up to a year to avoid skin discoloration. If blotchy spots appear, a doctor may suggest skin-lightening cream.
| Potential Benefit | What to Expect |
|---|---|
| Scar Revision | Smoother skin surface |
| Tattoo Removal | Faded or erased ink |
| Follow-up Visits | Needed for best care |
